Electronic Data Systems
Strategic Concepts & Mechanics
Primary Evidence
"Ross Perot is given credit for inventing the computer services indus¬ try, but IBM was in the business in a modest way before he founded Elec¬ tronic Data Systems. Perot’s great insight was to recognize services as a sensational growth opportunity, rather than just an adjunct to the sale of computer mainframes. After failing to bring IBM management around to his point of view, he went into business for himself. Perot, in short, did not have to create an entirely new concept to become a billionaire. Know¬ ing how to turn an idea into dollars was sufficient."
"He recruited self¬ starters like himself and let them operate with a minimum of bureaucratic rules. Authority to make decisions, Perot believed, must remain in the field, rather than at a massive corporate headquarters. (Electronic Data Systems had the world’s shortest procedural manual: “Do what makes sense.”)23"