Groupe Arnault
Strategic Concepts & Mechanics
Primary Evidence
"Based on information released by the US stock market authorities, here are some of the startups in which Bernard Arnault has invested through his Dutch companies: 1800 Flowers (online flower-gift retailer); Ashford (cultural products e-commerce site); Boo (clothing e-commerce site); Boxman (online record store); Cryo Networks; Datek Online (online broker); e-Bay (online auctions); e-loan (real estate loans); epo.com (financial site); Firstmark (wireless local loop), in which Groupe Arnault invested $ 120 million; Furniture (office furniture e-commerce site); FusionOne (wireless technology); LeisurePlanet (tourism); Mercata (group buying); Mortgage (loans and credits); MotherNature (health and beauty); Pilinvest; MP3. com (online music); MyFamily.com (community site); Netflix (DVD rental); Oxygen Media (women's internet and TV), in which Groupe Arnault invested $ 122 million; Petopia (pet-related site); PlanetRX (health); VideoNet (interactive internet); Webvan (online grocery)."
"How is it that LVMH did not appear during the threshold declarations at the time of the wave of Bouygues share purchases in 1999? Already, its presence was masked by a sleight of hand. In December 1999, LVMH loaned to Financière Agache, another head company owned 100% by Groupe Arnault, the 3.11% of Bouygues acquired that year. "When LVMH, a listed company and star of the CAC 40, crossed the 5% threshold in Bouygues, there was no declaration because its shares were assimilated to those of Groupe Arnault, which indirectly controls LVMH and had already crossed this threshold," write Les Échos. As a result, LVMH did not appear in the notice of the Financial Markets Council mentioning, at the end of 1999, the crossing of the 10% threshold of Bouygues' capital by Groupe Arnault."
"In the case of Bernard Arnault, Groupe Arnault will control 85.6% of Financière Agache, which holds 98.6% of Bon Marché Holding, itself holding 58.9% of Christian Dior, a 100% shareholder of Financière Jean Goujon, the principal shareholder with a 42.5% stake in LVMH. Historically, this system of "poulies bretonnes" has sometimes been criticized for favoring opacity in the financial situation of the groups in question, with the debts of the parent companies often being "transformed" into equity in the entities located on lower levels."