David Landes
Strategic Concepts & Mechanics
Primary Evidence
"Building on a long-forgotten or neglected legacy of technique from classical antiquity, with additions imported by the so-called barbarians, or acquired from more advanced cultures to the east, they succeeded in developing by the fourteenth century—certainly by the fifteenth—a corpus of knowledge and skills that not only put them far ahead of their teachers, but conferred on them a decisive superiority of power. It is on this basis that Europe changed from a hapless victim to global aggressor, from a poor backwater, obliged to make its balance of payments in slaves for want of marketable exports, to the affluent workshop of the world. —David Landes (1924–2013), Harvard economic historian"
"David Landes: “If the gains from trade in commodities are substantial, they are small compared to trade in ideas.”"